Congenital heart disease refers to a range of heart defects that are present at birth. These defects can affect the walls, valves, arteries, or veins of the heart, and can disrupt the normal flow of blood through the heart and around the body. Congenital heart disease is one of the most common types of birth defects, affecting about 1 in every 100 babies born each year. Research in the field of congenital heart disease focuses on understanding the causes of these defects, improving diagnosis and treatment options, and ultimately improving outcomes for individuals living with these conditions. This research may involve studying genetic and environmental factors that contribute to the development of heart defects, exploring new imaging techniques for diagnosing these defects, and developing and testing new surgical and nonsurgical treatments. Overall, research in congenital heart disease is aimed at improving the quality of life and long-term prognosis for individuals born with heart defects.